How to Reset NVRAM/PRAM on Intel & Apple Silicon Macs
Resetting NVRAM (Non-Volatile Random-Access Memory) or PRAM (Parameter RAM) can fix issues related to display resolution, startup disk selection, sound volume, time zone, and other system-level settings. The process is different for Intel Macs and Apple Silicon Macs (M1, M2, M3).
💻 Reset NVRAM/PRAM on Intel Macs
💻Step 1: Shut Down Your Mac
Click the Apple menu and choose Shut Down. Wait until your Mac completely powers off.
⌨️Step 2: Turn On and Press Key Combination
Press the Power button, then immediately press and hold:
Option (⌥) + Command (⌘) + P + R
⏳Step 3: Hold for 20 Seconds
Keep holding the keys for about 20 seconds.
• On older Macs, you may hear the startup sound twice.
• On newer Intel Macs, the Apple logo may appear and disappear twice.
🔓Step 4: Release the Keys
Release the keys and allow your Mac to continue booting normally.
⚙️Step 5: Reconfigure Settings
After reset, you may need to re-adjust:
• Startup disk selection
• Display resolution
• Time zone
• Speaker volume
🔧 When Should You Reset NVRAM/PRAM?
You may consider resetting if you experience:
• Incorrect display resolution
• No sound or distorted audio
• Startup disk not recognized
• Time zone or clock issues
• External display problems
• Boot-related errors
✅ Important Notes
• Resetting NVRAM does not delete personal data.
• It only clears certain system preferences.
• If issues persist after resetting, consider resetting SMC (Intel Macs only) or running macOS Recovery diagnostics.